The rules of Eid in the light of Qur'an and Hadith
It
is important for us to know the rules of Eid. Because Eid-ul-Adha
is near. Islam is a complete manual for life. It gives us complete guidance in
every area of life. It sets boundaries for us in every aspect of life.
Allah
has given two Eids to the people of Islam. But even on these two occasions,
Allah did not leave us helpless. Rather, it has clarified the rules of
Eid for us. So that we can have happiness in these two days. There we
can please Allah. Briefly, the orders of Eid are as follows:
(1) Bathing on the day of Eid:
It
is mustahabb to perform ghusl before going for Eid prayers. Hazrat Abdullah bin
Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates that the Messenger of Allah (PBUH) said: «Ų„ِŁَّ ŁَŲ°َŲ§ ŁَŁْŁ
ُ Ų¹ِŁŲÆٍ، Ų¬َŲ¹َŁَŁُ Ų§ŁŁَّŁُ ŁِŁْŁ
ُŲ³ْŁِŁ
ِŁŁَ، ŁَŁ
َŁْ
Ų¬َŲ§Ų”َ Ų„ِŁَŁ Ų§ŁْŲ¬ُŁ
ُŲ¹َŲ©ِ ŁَŁْŁَŲŗْŲŖَŲ³ِŁْ، ŁَŲ„ِŁْ ŁَŲ§Łَ Ų·ِŁŲØٌ ŁَŁْŁَŁ
َŲ³َّ Ł
ِŁْŁُ،
ŁَŲ¹َŁَŁْŁُŁ
ْ ŲØِŲ§ŁŲ³ِّŁَŲ§Łِ» Surely Allah has made the day of
Eid for the Muslims. Anyone who comes to perform Friday prayers should do
ghusl. If fragrance is available, apply it too. And make Miswak obligatory.
(Sunan Ibn Majah and its chain of transmission is Hasan. Hadith No. 1098)
In this hadith, the Prophet (PBUH) explained the reason for bathing, applying perfume, and
brushing teeth on Friday. Therefore, when these things are so important on
Friday, it becomes even more important to arrange these things on the day of
Eid.
(2)
Arranging good clothes for Eid:
Eid is a time of joy
for Muslims. So on this occasion, we should arrange new clothes. If new clothes
are not available, at least there should be good and clean clothes. So that we
can share in the joys of Eid in a good way.
Hazrat Umar (RA) to a silk robe that was being
sold in the bazaar. Picking it up, he appeared in the service of the Messenger
of Allah (saw) and said: ŁَŲ§ Ų±َŲ³ُŁŁَ Ų§ŁŁَّŁِ، Ų§ŲØْŲŖَŲ¹ْ ŁَŲ°ِŁِ ŲŖَŲ¬َŁ
َّŁْ ŲØِŁَŲ§ ŁِŁْŲ¹ِŁŲÆِ
ŁَŲ§ŁŁُŁُŁŲÆِ۔ O Messenger of Allah!
Buy it Wear it on the occasion of Eid and meeting delegations.
The Prophet (PBUH) said: «Ų„ِŁَّŁ
َŲ§ ŁَŲ°ِŁِ ŁِŲØَŲ§Ų³ُ Ł
َŁْ ŁŲ§َ Ų®َŁŲ§َŁَ ŁَŁُ» This is the clothing of those who
have no share in the Hereafter. (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Hadith No. 948)
Imam Bukhari (may
Allah have mercy on him) has established this title on this hadith: ŲØَŲ§ŲØٌ ŁِŁ Ų§ŁŲ¹ِŁŲÆَŁْŁِ ŁَŲ§ŁŲŖَّŲ¬َŁ
ُّŁِ ŁِŁŁِ۔ Decorating on the occasion of
Eid. This hadith proves to us that we should all wear good clothes on the
occasion of Eid.
Because the Prophet
(PBUH) did not object to the suggestion of
dressing well during Eid and meeting delegations. Rather, he rebuked her only
because Allah has forbidden silk to men.
(3) Food on the occasion of Eid:
The Sunnah for
Eid-ul-Fitr is that we eat dates or something like that before Eid. And the
Sunnah method on the occasion of Eid-ul-Adha is that we start our meal with
sacrificial meat.
Hazrat Buraidah (may
Allah be pleased with him) states: «ŁَŲ§Łَ Ų§ŁŁَّŲØِŁُّ ŲµَŁَّŁ Ų§ŁŁَّŁُ Ų¹َŁَŁْŁِ ŁَŲ³َŁَّŁ
َ ŁَŲ§ ŁَŲ®ْŲ±ُŲ¬ُ
ŁَŁْŁ
َ Ų§ŁŁِŲ·ْŲ±ِ ŲَŲŖَّŁ ŁَŲ·ْŲ¹َŁ
َ، ŁَŁَŲ§ ŁَŲ·ْŲ¹َŁ
ُ ŁَŁْŁ
َ Ų§ŁŲ£َŲ¶ْŲَŁ ŲَŲŖَّŁ
ŁُŲµَŁِّŁَ» The Prophet (PBUH) used to eat something on the day of Eid al-Fitr. He used
to eat only after the day of Eid-ul-Adha (Eid prayers).
(4) Going to the place of Eid and offering Eid prayers:
The rules of Eid also include
that we should go to the place of Eid and offer Eid prayers. Because it is
proved from various ahaadeeth that the Prophet (PBUH) used to perform Eids on the day of Eid.
Therefore, we should
try to perform the Eid prayers only by going to the place of Eid. And don't
give up without any excuse.
Hazrat Abu Saeed
Al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: «ŁَŲ§Łَ Ų±َŲ³ُŁŁُ Ų§ŁŁَّŁِ ŲµَŁَّŁ Ų§ŁŁŁُ Ų¹َŁَŁْŁِ
ŁَŲ³َŁَّŁ
َ ŁَŲ®ْŲ±ُŲ¬ُ ŁَŁْŁ
َ Ų§ŁŁِŲ·ْŲ±ِ ŁَŲ§ŁŲ£َŲ¶ْŲَŁ Ų„ِŁَŁ Ų§ŁŁ
ُŲµَŁَّŁ۔ The Messenger
of God used to visit the place of Eid on the day of Eid-ul-Fitr and
Eid-ul-Adha. (Sahih Al-Bukhari, Hadith No. 956)
(5) Women going to the place of Eid:
The Prophet (PBUH) also commanded women to go to the place of Eid
and offer Eid prayers so that they too could participate in the dua.
Hazrat Umm Atiyah (may Allah be pleased with her) states: «Ų£َŁ
َŲ±َŁَŲ§ ŁَŲØِŁُّŁَŲ§ ŲµَŁَّŁ Ų§ŁŁŁُ Ų¹َŁَŁْŁِ ŁَŲ³َŁَّŁ
َ ŲØِŲ£َŁْ ŁُŲ®ْŲ±ِŲ¬َ Ų§ŁŲ¹َŁَŲ§ŲŖِŁَ ŁَŲ°َŁَŲ§ŲŖِ Ų§ŁŲ®ُŲÆُŁŲ±ِ» Our Prophet (PBUH) commanded us to fight young (on the occasion of Eid) and
to take veiled women (to the place of Eid). (Saheeh al-Bukhari, Hadith No.
1652)
In some hadiths, the
Prophet (PBUH) even told menstruating
women to go to Eid. However, she will stay away from the place of prayer.
The purpose of their
visit is to participate in the prayers of Muslims. Therefore, women should go
to the place of Eid like a Muslim woman in a veil. So that they can succeed in
gaining the pleasure of Allah.
Similarly, children can also be taken to
perform Eid prayers. But parents should be careful that their children do not
make noise. And think of discipline. So that they do not cause any kind of
disruption in the prayers of other worshipers.
(6) Going to the place of Eid shouting Takbeerat:
Men should go to Eid
Gah saying Takbirs. And women should say takbeers in a very soft voice. Because
a woman's voice is also veiled. Allah said: ŁُŲ±ِŁŲÆُ Ų§ŁŁَّŁُ ŲØِŁُŁ
ُ Ų§ŁْŁُŲ³ْŲ±َ ŁَŁَŲ§ ŁُŲ±ِŁŲÆُ
ŲØِŁُŁ
ُ Ų§ŁْŲ¹ُŲ³ْŲ±َ ŁَŁِŲŖُŁْŁ
ِŁُŁŲ§ Ų§ŁْŲ¹ِŲÆَّŲ©َ ŁَŁِŲŖُŁَŲØِّŲ±ُŁŲ§ Ų§ŁŁَّŁَ Ų¹َŁَŁ Ł
َŲ§
ŁَŲÆَŲ§ŁُŁ
ْ۔ God loves ease for
you, not a hardship. And complete (the fasts of Ramadan). And glorify Allah for
what He has guided you to. ”(Surat al-Baqara, 185)
Similarly, these takbeers are not only after
the obligatory prayers. Rather, we should keep saying these takbeers all the
time. Because we do not have any definition of the obligatory prayers.
Moreover, it is not proven by the Qur'an and
Hadith that all people say takbeers together. Therefore, we must say that the
best way is the same as that of the Prophet Muhammad.
From the sighting of the Shawwal moon on the occasion of Eid-ul-Fitr to the conclusion of the Imam's Eid sermon, we should
say Takbeerat. However, on the occasion of Eid-ul-Adha, we should arrange
takbeers from the first of Dhu al-Hijjah to the evening of the thirteenth of
Dhu al-Hijjah.
(7) Time of Eid prayers:
The time for Eid prayers is the time for performing naafil prayers after
sunrise. Hazrat Abdullah bin Busar (RA) went out with the people for Eid-ul-Fitr
prayers or Eid-ul-Adha prayers. He disliked the late arrival of the Imam and
said: «Ų„ِŁَّŲ§ ŁُŁَّŲ§ ŁَŲÆْ ŁَŲ±َŲŗْŁَŲ§ Ų³َŲ§Ų¹َŲŖَŁَŲ§ ŁَŲ°ِŁِ»، ŁَŲ°َŁِŁَ ŲِŁŁَ
Ų§ŁŲŖَّŲ³ْŲØِŁŲِ۔ We used to
finish the (Eid prayer) at that time. And at that time it was time for Chasht
prayers. (Sunan Abi Dawood and its chain of transmission is correct. Hadith No.
1135)
This hadith proves that the Prophet (PBUH) used to offer Eid prayers in a hurry. However, the Prophet (PBUH) used to delay Eid al-Fitr a little. And they
used to hurry in Eid-ul-Adha prayers. So that Muslims can go and slaughter
their animals as soon as possible.
Similarly, before the Eid prayers,
neither Iqamah nor prayers will be offered. With the help of Allah, we have
explained some of the rules of Eid in this short article.
Inshallah, we will try to write more on the orders of Eid. May Allah grant us
the ability to live our lives according to religion. And take from us the
service of your true religion. Amen!
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